Karst systems like the Banggai Islands are landscapes of soluble bedrock riddled with caves and underground rivers formed by erosion from acidic water over millions of years.

"The Emerald Karst in the Equator", Raja Ampat UNESCO Global Geopark, is made up of four primary islands, Waigeo, Batanta, Salawati, and Misool. The geopark area's well ... The archipelagic karst ...

Karst: A landscape formed principally by the dissolution of soluble rocks, leading to features such as sinkholes, caves, and underground drainage systems. Sinkhole: ...

Grismer likens the karst formations to islands in an archipelago. Each formation, he says, serves as an evolutionary microcosm, producing species entirely distinct from neighboring karsts.

Structural aspects: karst caves and lava tubes have different formation mechanisms and environments, but they are comparable in size. They are both curved semicircular caves. The space it provides ...

Karst systems like the Banggai Islands are landscapes of soluble bedrock riddled with caves and underground rivers formed by erosion from acidic water over millions of years.