In recent years direct ownership of physician practices by hospitals and health systems (that is, vertical integration) has become a prominent feature of the US health care system. One unexplored ...

In September, the Department of Justice cleared Cigna’s acquisition of the pharmacy benefit manager (PBM) Express Scripts. Another major vertical merger may follow, pending U.S. antitrust review of ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. David Kindness is a Certified Public ...