The surfaces of Gram-negative bacteria are adorned with versatile nanomachines that include Type IV pili and associated secretion systems. These structures are crucial for a range of functions such as ...

Now Niederweis and colleagues at the University of Alabama at Birmingham describe the mechanism of secretion and trafficking of that toxin, TNT, which is the major cytotoxicity factor for the pathogen ...

Type 3 secretion systems (T3SSs) are used by several pathogenic bacterial species to deliver effector proteins, responsible for the effects of infection, into the target host cells. An MGH research ...

With antibiotic-resistant bacteria on the rise, scientists have been searching for ways to shut down the Type IV secretion system (T4SS), a protein complex on the outer envelope of bacterial cells ...

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