The induction of functional memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is a major goal of vaccination against intracellular pathogens. Interleukin (IL)-12 is critical for the generation of memory CTLs, and ...

Nicotine's primary metabolite supports learning and memory by amplifying the action of a primary chemical messenger involved in both, researchers report. Nicotine has long been known to aid learning ...

Dengue virus is the causative agent of dengue fever and the more-severe dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Human studies suggest that the increased risk of DHF during secondary infection is due to ...