Force measurement sits at the heart of modern engineering. Robots that handle fragile parts, aerospace systems that can't ...

Delicate manual microsurgeries rely on sufficient hands-on experience for safe manipulations. Automated surgical devices can enhance the effectiveness, but developing high-resolution, multi-axis force ...

(A) The structure of a CNT. (B) A typical structure of 2D materials. (C) The unique structure of a silicon nanoladder. Due to limitations in the performance of traditional materials, force sensors ...

Mechanical force is an essential feature for many physical and biological processes. Remote measurement of mechanical signals with high sensitivity and spatial resolution is needed for a wide range of ...