We present a random version of the Borwein-Preiss smooth variational principle, stating that under suitable conditions, the set of minimizers of a perturbed function depending on a random variable, ...

We prove that the Heston volatility is Malliavin differentiable under the classical Novikov condition and give an explicit expression for the derivative. This result guarantees the applicability of ...

Fuzzy differential equations (FDEs) extend classical differential equations by incorporating uncertainty through fuzzy numbers. This mathematical framework is particularly valuable for modelling ...